Plugins

Plugins enable you to tap into, modify, or extend the internal behavior of Cypress.

Normally, as a user, all of your test code, your application, and Cypress commands are executed in the browser. But Cypress is also a Node process that plugins can use.

Plugins enable you to tap into the Node process running outside of the browser.

Plugins are a "seam" for you to write your own custom code that executes during particular stages of the Cypress lifecycle.

info

This is a brief overview

If you want more details about how to write a plugin, we've written API docs that show you how to work with each plugin event.

You can check out the API docs here.

Use Cases

Configuration

With plugins, you can programmatically alter the resolved configuration and environment variables that come from the Cypress configuration file, cypress.env.json, the command line, or system environment variables.

This enables you to do things like:

• Use multiple environments with their own configurations
• Swap out environment variables based on an environment
• Read in configuration files using the built in fs lib
• Change the list of browsers used for testing
• Write your configuration in yml

Check out our Configuration API docs which describe how to use this event.

Preprocessors

The event file:preprocessor is used to customize how your test code is transpiled and sent to the browser. By default, Cypress handles ES2015+, TypeScript, and CoffeeScript, using webpack to package it for the browser.

You can use the file:preprocessor event to do things like:

• Add the latest ES* support.
• Write your test code in ClojureScript.
• Customize the Babel settings to add your own plugins.
• Customize the options for compiling TypeScript.
• Swap out webpack for Browserify or anything else.

Check out our File Preprocessor API docs which describe how to use this event.

Run Lifecycle

The events before:run and after:run occur before and after a run, respectively.

You can use before:run to do things like:

• Set up reporting on a run
• Start a timer for the run to time how long it takes

You can use after:run to do things like:

• Finish up reporting on a run set up in before:run
• Stop the timer for the run set up in before:run

Spec Lifecycle

The events before:spec and after:spec run before and after a single spec is run, respectively.

You can use before:spec to do things like:

• Set up reporting on a spec running
• Start a timer for the spec to time how long it takes

You can use after:spec to do things like:

• Finish up reporting set up in before:spec
• Stop the timer for the spec set up in before:spec
• Delete the video recorded for the spec. This prevents it from taking time and computing resources for compressing and uploading the video. You can do this conditionally based on the results of the spec, such as if it passes (so videos for failing tests are preserved for debugging purposes).

Check out the Before Spec API doc and After Spec API doc which describe how to use these events.

Browser Launching

The event before:browser:launch can be used to modify the launch arguments for each particular browser.

You can use the before:browser:launch event to do things like:

• Load a Chrome extension
• Enable or disable experimental chrome features
• Control which Chrome components are loaded

Check out our Browser Launch API docs which describe how to use this event.

Screenshot handling

The event after:screenshot is called after a screenshot is taken and saved to disk.

You can use the after:screenshot event to do things like:

• Save details about the screenshot
• Rename the screenshot
• Manipulate the screenshot image by resizing or cropping it

Check out our After Screenshot API docs which describe how to use this event.

cy.task

The event task is used in conjunction with the cy.task() command. It allows you to write arbitrary code in Node to accomplish tasks that aren't possible in the browser.

You can use the task event to do things like:

• Manipulating a database (seeding, reading, writing, etc.)
• Storing state in Node that you want persisted (since the driver is fully refreshed on visits)
• Performing parallel tasks (like making multiple http requests outside of Cypress)
• Running an external process (like spinning up a Webdriver instance of another browser like Safari or puppeteer)

Real World Example

The Real World App (RWA) uses tasks to re-seed its database, and to filter/find test data for various testing scenarios.

caution

⚠️ This code is part of the setupNodeEvents function and thus executes in the Node environment. You cannot call Cypress or cy commands in this function, but you do have the direct access to the file system and the rest of the operating system.

cypress.config.js

const { defineConfig } = require('cypress')

module.exports = defineConfig({
  // setupNodeEvents can be defined in either
  // the e2e or component configuration
  e2e: {
    setupNodeEvents(on, config) {
      on('task', {
        async 'db:seed'() {
          // seed database with test data
          const { data } = await axios.post(`${testDataApiEndpoint}/seed`)
          return data
        },

        // fetch test data from a database (MySQL, PostgreSQL, etc...)
        'filter:database'(queryPayload) {
          return queryDatabase(queryPayload, (data, attrs) =>
            _.filter(data.results, attrs)
          )
        },
        'find:database'(queryPayload) {
          return queryDatabase(queryPayload, (data, attrs) =>
            _.find(data.results, attrs)
          )
        },
      })
    },
  },
})

cypress.config.ts

import { defineConfig } from 'cypress'

export default defineConfig({
  // setupNodeEvents can be defined in either
  // the e2e or component configuration
  e2e: {
    setupNodeEvents(on, config) {
      on('task', {
        async 'db:seed'() {
          // seed database with test data
          const { data } = await axios.post(`${testDataApiEndpoint}/seed`)
          return data
        },

        // fetch test data from a database (MySQL, PostgreSQL, etc...)
        'filter:database'(queryPayload) {
          return queryDatabase(queryPayload, (data, attrs) =>
            _.filter(data.results, attrs)
          )
        },
        'find:database'(queryPayload) {
          return queryDatabase(queryPayload, (data, attrs) =>
            _.find(data.results, attrs)
          )
        },
      })
    },
  },
})

Source: cypress/plugins/index.ts

Check out the Real World App test suites to see these tasks in action.

List of plugins

Cypress maintains a curated list of plugins created by us and the community. You can npm install any of the plugins listed below:

Our curated list of Cypress plugins.

Installing plugins

Plugins from our official list are npm modules. This enables them to be versioned and updated separately without needing to update Cypress itself.

You can install any published plugin using NPM:

npm install <plugin name> --save-dev

Using a plugin

There are two ways to use a plugin in Cypress:

1. As of Cypress version 10.0.0, you will need to add your plugin to the setupNodeEvents function in the Cypress configuration.
2. If you're using an older version of Cypress, you can add your plugin to the (deprecated) plugins file.

Here's an example of what this might look like:

cypress.config.js

const { defineConfig } = require('cypress')

module.exports = defineConfig({
  // setupNodeEvents can be defined in either
  // the e2e or component configuration
  e2e: {
    setupNodeEvents(on, config) {
      // bind to the event we care about
      on('<event>', (arg1, arg2) => {
        // plugin stuff here
      })
    },
  },
})

cypress.config.ts

import { defineConfig } from 'cypress'

export default defineConfig({
  // setupNodeEvents can be defined in either
  // the e2e or component configuration
  e2e: {
    setupNodeEvents(on, config) {
      // bind to the event we care about
      on('<event>', (arg1, arg2) => {
        // plugin stuff here
      })
    },
  },
})

For information on writing plugins, please check out our Writing a Plugin guide.